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Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第4期 页码 330-335 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014055
关键词: environmental science the Three Gorges cultural relics innovate environmental protection measures green protection
CROP PROTECTION OPENS UP NEW ERA OF CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF GREEN OPTIONS
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第1期 页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021431
China is the largest agricultural producer in the world. Reducing yield losses caused by pests is an important issue and major challenge for China, especially when confronting global climate change, biological invasions and declining agricultural biodiversity of recent decades. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the impacts of changing climate on two staple crops in China, wheat and rice (https://doi.org/FASE-2021432). They reviewed the impacts of climate change on crops, crop pests and crop diseases. Basically, increased temperature would reduce crop yields and increase pest damage. Biological invasions have become a serious threat to the agriculture worldwide. Developing approaches for monitoring and controlling invasive pests, such as fall armyworm, has been recognized as high priority for China. The excessive use of highly toxic pesticides has caused considerable damage to the environment and biodiversity, which is also one of the many contributors to the increasing outbreaks of pests and diseases. In addition, understanding interaction between crop pests and plant diseases is another critical challenge for agriculture. About 80% plant viruses can be transmitted by crop pest vectors such as aphids, whiteflies and other hemipteran pests. Therefore, to solve the problem of crop pests and diseases, suitable green crop protection methods have been identified as a key components of sustainable development. This special issue of Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering outlines potential conservation and utilization of green options for crop protection.
To prevent outbreaks of crop pests, an advanced monitoring and early warning system could be the first step in crop protection. The use of science and technology in monitoring and early warning of major crop pests provides better pest management and acts as a fundamental part of an integrated plant protection strategy to achieve the goal of sustainable development of agriculture. Wu et al. (this issue) summarized the fundamental information on pest monitoring and early warning in China by documenting the history of research and application, Chinese laws and regulations related to plant protection, and the National Monitoring and Early Warning System, with the purpose of presenting the Chinese model as an example of how to promote regional management of crop pests, especially cross border pests such as fall armyworm and locust, by international cooperation across pest-impacted countries (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021411). They provide an overview of long-term Chinese efforts in the fight against major pests and to present the country’s experience in crop pest monitoring and early warning technology to the world.
Field management is a traditional conservation agriculture technique on plant protection such as no-till cropping, crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping. Shi et al. (this issue) found that soil solarization is an environmental-friendly promising strategy that achieved complete mortality to the larvae of Bradysia cellarum (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021402). Crop rotation, intercropping and cover cropping of different crops or plants could help to reduce the outbreak of crop pests and diseases. Wang et al. (this issue) summarized the interactions and trade-offs between plants and entomophagous arthropods, and discussed a landscape management method by sowing flowering plants in agricultural fields (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021427). However, such methods are limited when crop pests have already become well established in crop fields.
Pesticides are widely used in the crop protection. The ideal pesticide should have high effectiveness in the control crop pests but low toxicity to non-target organisms. In this case, biopesticides including biochemical pesticides, microbial pesticides and plant-incorporated protectants are considered to be potential ideal pesticides for crop protection. Biochemical pesticides are the naturally occurring substances, they are derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Microbial pesticides mainly rely on bacteria, fungi, virus or protozoans as the active agent. They are environment-friendly biopesticides with high effectiveness and species-specificity, and have been commercialized worldwide, for example, Bacillus thuringiensis. Plant-incorporated protectants are products that are genetically incorporated into plant tissues including chemicals, proteins or dsRNA for pest control or anti-microbial activity. Qu et al. (this issue) systematically introduced bioinsecticides for pest control and discussed current constraints that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely used and proposed the future research directions in this issue (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021404). Xu et al. (this issue) optimized synthesis process of an anti-plant-virus candidate drug NK0238, and evaluated the antivirus activity and environmental safety of this product (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021390). Zhu et al. (this issue) investigated a new family of natural cyclic lipodepsipeptides with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. By genetic manipulation of accessory genes in the WAP biosynthetic gene cluster, new WAP-8294As were produced in Lysobacter, which confirmed the possibility to expand the spectrum of the biocontrol compounds (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021410). In addition, structural biology studies on action targets provides important insights on molecular functions. Using a structure-based drug design strategy, Zheng et al. (this issue) prepared a battery of novel triketone-quinoxaline compounds, which could be potentially applied to design new herbicides targeting p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021401).
With the development and application of new biotechnology in agriculture, opportunities for crop protection are great becoming more abundant, opening new approaches, such as genetic engineering, to improve the plant resistance against crop pests and diseases. It is now feasible to control pests by directly targeting genes that are essential for the development and survival of insects and pathogenic microorganisms, for example, the sterile insect technique based on gene-drive and RNA interference using dsRNA. In addition, it has been confirmed that some gene families are effective targets that indirectly contribute to crop pests and diseases protection by targeting the plant biochemical synthesis or virus transmitting pathways. In this case, identifying new genes associated with the interaction between crops, insects, microorganisms should be a key focus, both now and in the future. Huang et al. (this issue) summarized the recent research on the interaction between plant viruses and insect vectors, and discussed the potential control strategies to prevent the transmission of insect-vectored plant viruses using RNAi technology, gene editing technology and gene-driven technology (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021389).
We anticipate that the ideas and approaches highlighted in this issue will help broaden reader’s perspectives on every increasing prospect for a new era of sustainable and environment-friendly agricultural pest management.
Tianrun Xia County phase III 99.5 MW wind power engineering technology and green innovation
Xiaobo WANG
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第1期 页码 131-137 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0012-9
关键词: low carbon design green standard system environmental protection sustainable development Tianrun Sijiao Town wind farm
高楠,张春华,张宗俭
《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第4期 页码 36-38
对绿色表面活性剂在农药加工中的应用进行了简要介绍,对应用脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐(AES)、α-烯基磺酸盐(AOS)、烷基糖苷(APG)的农药制剂进行了开发,并与传统表面活性剂进行比较,提出此类表面活性剂在农药加工中的应用对于环境保护具有重要意义。
徐德龙,刘旭,周庆华
《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第1期 页码 1-8 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.001
秦巴山脉区域作为我国生态安全要地和集中连片贫困区,其绿色循环发展对于我国生态文明建设和全面脱贫具有重大意义。本文围绕探究秦巴山脉区域绿色循环发展路径、为绿色创新发展和扶贫攻坚提供工程支撑的战略目标,采用归纳演绎法对区域的生态与战略价值、保护与协同存在的问题进行剖析,据此明晰区域的绿色循环发展思路和总体定位;研究提出基于国家公园的生态保护路径、基于转型优化的产业发展路径、基于生态承载力的空间建设路径、基于内外共赢的区域协同路径等四大类具体举措。期望通过秦巴山脉区域绿色循环发展的生动实践,使之成为解决区域生态与贫困矛盾问题、维护国家多维度社会及生态安全的重大范例。
傅志寰,宋忠奎,陈小寰,李晓燕
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第8期 页码 16-22
绿色发展是我国在发展过程中面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化所必须树立的理念和发展方向。本文通过分析我国近年来工业发展的成就以及面临的挑战,提出了我国工业绿色发展必须推进源头削减和末端治理相结合、持续深化信息技术在工业过程的应用、大力发展循环经济和战略性新兴产业、加快发展生产性服务业等对策和建议。
关键词: 绿色发展;节能环保;结构调整;两化融合
宋宝安, James N.Seiber, Stephen O. Duke, 李庆孝
《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第5期 页码 483-484 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.04.001
孙旭东,李雪松,张博,彭苏萍
《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第2期 页码 98-107 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.02.014
今后10~15 年是我国加快培育和发展新兴产业的关键时期,作为我国生态文明建设重要任务的绿色低碳产业发展也将面临重要机遇期。绿色低碳新兴产业以能源新技术、节能环保和新能源汽车为代表,其细分产业的技术特征、规模和发展程度存在明显的差异性,亟待开展与之对应的成熟度评价方法研究。本文在归纳产业成熟度评价的基本理论与通用方法的基础上,明确绿色低碳产业的范畴与定义,辨识相关产业的高质量发展特征;提出了绿色低碳产业成熟度评价模型与指标体系,具体阐述产业成熟度等级合成方法。以生物质热电联产产业为例完成了绿色低碳产业成熟度评价应用研究,分析认为案例产业发展整体达到了较成熟等级,但市场成熟度的进展滞后于工程科技进步。研究建议:建立绿色低碳产业成熟度年度评价机制,组建绿色低碳产业发展信息的权威发布机构,加强我国新兴产业数据库建设及客观评价。
Bioengineering protection mechanism of city rock slope and its laboratory test
Desong JIANG, Minghua ZHAO, Chong JIANG,
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第4期 页码 414-421 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0055-9
关键词: indoor engineering project protection mechanism different runoff lagging
Innovation Ecosystem for Green Smart City Building in China
Jin Chen
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第4期 页码 325-330 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015058
关键词: green smart city resource innovation ecosystem building
Yamuna KALUARACHCHI
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 98-108 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0136-y
关键词: grey infrastructure green infrastructure smart infrastructure smart and green combined infrastructure smart cities future cities
China’s Agriculture Green Development: from Concept to Actions
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023512
● A target-threshold indicator evaluation system is proposed to measure China’s agriculture transformation.
关键词: agricultural transformation Agriculture Green Development historical trend indicator system theoretical conception
王磊,陈华,康美泽,马晓川
《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第6期 页码 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.06.015
本文以博弈论观点探讨海洋维权问题,包括海洋维权在处理海洋争端中的作用和地位,我国海洋维权博弈的性质、方向及博弈要素。当前阶段,推动海洋维权博弈微观化、事务性处理,从维权斗争向联合管治方向发展符合我国的国家利益。将作为海洋维权“斗争前线”的海上维权区分为“争议海区进入”“渔船越界维权”“非合作渔业博弈模型”3类基本博弈过程,分别开展博弈分析,据此研判我国海上维权力量建设的重点方向。研究表明:提高海洋产业科技水平、发展维权技术手段可以有效改变博弈收益,从而实现有利的博弈均衡;发展高技术干扰手段、水下防护技术、海洋广域监视技术和远海渔业开发技术,是在重复博弈过程中获得优势地位的重要保障。
Toward Agriculture Green Development
Oene OENEMA
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 110-111 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019314
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relics
Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun
期刊论文
Tianrun Xia County phase III 99.5 MW wind power engineering technology and green innovation
Xiaobo WANG
期刊论文
Bioengineering protection mechanism of city rock slope and its laboratory test
Desong JIANG, Minghua ZHAO, Chong JIANG,
期刊论文
Potential advantages in combining smart and green infrastructure over silo approaches for future cities
Yamuna KALUARACHCHI
期刊论文
郧文聚:东北黑土区耕地保护与绿色发展(2019年8月22日)
2021年04月23日
会议视频